PHP Data Types

Data types specify the size and type of values that can be stored.

=> Variable does not need to be declared ITS DATA TYPE  adding a value to it.

=> PHP is a Loosely Typed Language so here no need to define data type.

Eg i (variable contains integer, float, and string value)

 <?php
  $num=100;
  $fnum=100.0;
  $str="Hello";
 ?> 

In the above example
declare three variable $num , $fnum , $str.
$num hold value=”100″. (contain integer value).
$fnum hold value=100.0 (contain float value).
$str hold value=”Hello” (contain string value).

Data types in PHP

There are 3 types of DATA TYPE

1. Scalar/predefined
2. Compound/user-defined
3. Special type

Scalar(It holds only single value)

1 Integer

Integer means numeric data types. A whole number with no fractional component.

Integer may be less than greater than or equal to zero.

Eg ii

 <?php
  $num=100;
  echo $num;
 ?>

 Output : 100

In the above example
$num hold value=100. pass this variable with echo statement to print the value:

2 Float

It is also called numeric data types.A number with a fractional component.

Eg iii

 <?php
  $num=100.0;
  echo $num;
 ?>

 Output : 100.0
 

$num hold value=100.0. pass $num inside echo statement to display the output.

3 String

Non numeric data type

String can hold letters,numbers and special characters.

String value must be enclosed eighter in single quotes or double quotes.

Eg iv

 <?php
  $str="Welcome user";
  $str1='how r you?';
  $str2="@";
  echo $str;
  echo $str1;
  echo $str2;
 ?>

  Output : Welcome user
     how r you?
     @
     

In the above example
We create three variable to hold three string values.
To display the output pass all three variables with echo output will display.

4 Boolean

Boolean are the simplest data type.Like a switch that has only two states ON means true(1) and OFF means false(0).

Eg v

 <?php
   $true=true;
   $false=false;
   var_dump($true,$false);
 ?>

   Output : bool(true) bool(false) 

In the above example
declare variable $true hold value=true, variable($false) hold value=false.
Now check the datatype using var_dump( ) function.
Output will in boolean form: bool(true) bool(false)

Compound(Multiple values in single variable)

1. Array
2. Object

Eg vi (Example of array)

   <?php
  $arr=array(10,20,30,40,50);
  echo $arr[0];  
      ?>

  Output : 10

In the above example
Variable( $arr) hold values an array . Now we want to print the first element of an array.
Then we pass variable($arr) name with index value[0], fetch the first element corresponding to the index value. Output will 10


Eg vi (Example of object)

   <?php
  class Demo()
  {
   public function show()
   {
    echo "This is show method<br/>";
   } 
  }
  $obj= new Demo();
  $obj->show();
  $obj->show(); 
 ?>

  Output : This is show method
           This is show method

Special(2 types)

1. Null
2. Resource

Eg vii ( for null )

  <?php
  $blank=null;
         var_dump($blank);
      
       ?>

  Output : NULL

Predefine function to Check data types

=> is_int( ) : Check given value is integer or not

=> is_float( ) : Check given value is float or not

=> is_numeric( ) : Check given value is either integer or float

=> is_string( ) : Check given value is string or not

=> is_bool( ) : Check given value is Boolean or not

=> is_array( ) : Check given value is array or not

=> is_object( ) : Check given value is object or not

Eg viii ( Check if given variable holds a integer type of value then print the sum otherwise show error message)

 <?php
        $x = 1000;
        $y = 500;
        if(is_int($x) && is_int($y))
        {
        $sum = $x + $y;
        echo "sum = ".$sum;
        }
       else
       {
       echo "both number must be integer";
        }

     ?>

 
    Output : sum = 1500

In the above example
Create two variable $x hold value=100, $y hold value=500, now execute if..else condition.
We pass is_int( ) function inside if condition, to check the value is integer or not , if yes statement is execute and print the sum of two values. if not else statement is execute show an error message.